Soft Systems Methodology (SSM)

Messy problem solving technique based upon a model (see page 163 of Systems Thinking, Systems Practice) similar to the architectural process identified in ISO 42010.

See Peter Checkland 's book, Systems Thinking, Systems Practice for more information on Soft Systems Methodology (SSM)

The steps for this approach are:

See page 163 Figure 6 for the 7 steps in the process:

1) The Problem Situation Unstructured

2) The Problem Situation expressed

3) Root Definitions of Relevant Systems

4) Conceptual Models

4a) Formal System Concept

4b) Other systems thinking

5) Comparison of 4 with 2

6) Feasible, desirable changes

7) Action to improve the problem situation

The focus for the model building steps 3 and 4 is identifying and understanding the Human Activity Systems (HAS). The Human Activity Systems are defined by the Root Definition (essentially the system purpose): CATWOE.

Along with a powerful language for expressing active elements in the system PQR.

NOTE: The concept of a System Description applicable to any type of system is based upon the concept of a Root Definition.

NOTE: The current expression of a Human Activity System is based upon a Living Social System. In this way, a social system that includes people is a Human Activity System. This allows the SSM concepts to be used for a wider range of system types. These concepts come from Fritjof Capra and his book, The Systems View of Life.

See Wikipedia: Soft Systems Methodology (SSM)

See UCL AC UK: Soft Systems Methodology (SSM)